JCNRJournal of Clinical and Nursing Research2208-36852208-3693Bio-Byword Scientific Publishing Pty. Ltd.10.26689/JCNR.v10i9.15803ArticleEvaluation of the Sensitivity and Timeliness of Vaccine-Preventable Disease (Pertussis, Meningococcal Meningitis) Surveillance in Puyang City, Henan Province under New Circumstanceshttps://artdesignp.com/journal/JCNR/10/9/10.26689/JCNR.v10i9.15803LiAng,LiXiangjie,SuiYu,LinYunxin,DengYongcun20261092026-10-23Background: The re-emergence of pertussis and persistent meningococcal meningitis threat demand robust surveillance, yet performance data from prefecture-level cities like Puyang under recent healthcare reforms remain scarce. This study evaluated the sensitivity and timeliness of notifiable disease surveillance for these diseases from 2020–2025, focusing on the impacts of the COVID-19 transition, expanded PCR capacity, and electronic reporting mandates. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all confirmed and clinically diagnosed cases reported through the national surveillance system, supplemented by hospital databases and laboratory logs. Sensitivity was estimated via capture-recapture methods, and timeliness was measured as intervals from symptom onset to reporting and laboratory confirmation. Results: A total of 2,847 pertussis and 316 meningococcal meningitis cases were included. Overall sensitivity for pertussis was 68.4% (95%CI 65.2–71.6%), rising from 54.2% in 2020–2021 to 76.9% in 2024–2025, while meningococcal sensitivity remained stable at 82.1% (79.4–84.7%). Pertussis onset-to-reporting median time decreased from 9 to 4 days, but meningococcal meningitis interval lengthened from 4 to 7 days due to centralized laboratory consolidation. Rural areas showed 22% lower sensitivity and 3-day longer delays for pertussis than urban areas. Although 93.7% of pertussis cases were reported within 24 hours, only 61.4% achieved PCR confirmation within the 7-day window. Conclusions: The system shows progress in pertussis timeliness but reveals critical gaps in laboratory confirmation and rural equity. Meningococcal surveillance maintains high sensitivity but deteriorating speed. Decentralized testing, standardized algorithms, and targeted training are urgently needed to sustain gains and address emerging vulnerabilities.Pertussis, Meningococcal meningitis, Surveillance sensitivity, Timeliness, Vaccine-preventable diseases

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