JCNRJournal of Clinical and Nursing Research2208-36852208-3693Bio-Byword Scientific Publishing Pty. Ltd.10.26689/JCNR.v10i9.15819ArticleAnalysis of Airborne Pollen Concentration and Pollen Sensitization Characteristics in Harbin Cityhttps://artdesignp.com/journal/JCNR/10/9/10.26689/JCNR.v10i9.15819MaXinyu,XieYaling20261092026-10-23Objective: To investigate the species, counts, and dispersal patterns of airborne pollen in the urban area of Harbin over two consecutive years, and to clarify the correlation between airborne pollen and allergic rhinitis in combination with clinical patient data. Methods: The gravity sedimentation method was employed to continuously collect daily pollen particles in Daowai District, Harbin, from March 1 to October 15 in both 2020 and 2021. Pollen species were counted and identified under a light microscope. Specific IgE (sIgE) test results from outpatients attending the hospital between June 2021 and June 2022 were analyzed. Results: A total of 63,080 pollen grains were monitored in 2020, and 29,229 grains in 2021 (pollen count per 1,000 mm² per day). The identified pollen taxa included Salicaceae (Populus and Salix), Ulmaceae, Betulaceae, Juglandaceae, Oleaceae (Fraxinus), Cupressaceae, Pinaceae, Rosaceae, Fabaceae, Moraceae, Cyperaceae, Fagaceae, Polygonaceae, Asteraceae (Artemisia), Poaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Typhaceae, Anacardiaceae, and Tiliaceae. Two annual peaks occurred in April and August. In April, Populus pollen was the most abundant, accounting for 51.47% and 37.21% in the two years, respectively, followed by Ulmus (18.74% and 26.75%). In August, Artemisia pollen dominated, accounting for 7% and 7.83%, followed by Moraceae (6.12% and 2.06%). Among 170 patients with allergic rhinitis who underwent allergen testing, 101 (59.4%) were positive for serum sIgE, with most showing sensitization to multiple allergens. Among these, 78 patients (77.2%) were sensitized to pollen. Specifically, Artemisia allergen positivity accounted for 63.3% (64/101), tree combination 2 positivity for 38.6% (39/101), followed by Ambrosia (23.7%, 24/101) and Humulus (4.95%, 5/101). The onset of symptoms was mainly concentrated in April and August, consistent with the peak periods of major allergenic pollen dispersal. Conclusion: The temporal distribution and concentration of airborne pollen in Harbin are positively correlated with the impact on allergic rhinitis. Tree pollen dominates in spring, while Artemisia pollen causes the most severe allergic symptoms in autumn.Pollen, Allergic rhinitis, Seasonal, Pollen monitoring, Artemisia

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