PBESProceedings of Business and Economic Studies2209-26412209-265XBio-Byword Scientific Publishing Pty. Ltd.10.26689/PBES.v9i8.15222ArticleThe Dilemma of Dual Identity in the Governance of Supportive Social Organizations: A Case Study of Chongqing C Technology Business Incubatorhttps://artdesignp.com/journal/PBES/9/8/10.26689/PBES.v9i8.15222HuangLiyuanjun2026982026-08-31Supportive social organizations serve as a critical nexus between government and enterprises, facilitating grassroots governance. They possess a dual nature combining public welfare services and market-oriented operations, which gives rise to inherent structural governance challenges. Taking Chongqing Incubator C as a case study, this paper develops an analytical framework of “relationship–resource–value” by integrating multiple principal-agent theory, resource dependence theory, and institutional logics theory. The findings reveal that the organization’s dilemmas stem from misaligned agency objectives, resource dependence that constrains autonomy, and conflicts among three institutional logics. The dual identity essentially reflects the intrinsic tensions generated by the interplay of multiple institutional logics. This study clarifies the governance pain points and provides a theoretical basis for optimizing organizational governance.Supportive social organizations, Incubators, Dual identity, Governance dilemmas, Institutional logics

[1] Zhou X, 2017, The Institutional Logic of China’s State Governance: An Organizational Study, Beijing: SDX Joint Publishing Company. [2] Xu S, Research on the Influence Mechanism of Business Environment on Incubator Innovation Performance—A Configuration Analysis from the Perspective of “Institution‑Actor” Logic. Science and Management, 1–16. [3] Liu X, 2015, Incentive Distortion and Performance Management in the Public Sector. Chinese Public Administration, (8): 34–40. [4] Ni X, Wang R, 2018, The Generative Logic and Governance Path of Grassroots Cadres’ Blame‑Avoidance Behavior. Political Science Research, (3): 45–56. [5] Li J, Wang K, Liu Z, et al., 2025, Incubators and Innovation of Service‑oriented Enterprises: From the Perspectives of R&D Factors and Innovation Ecosystems. Nankai Economic Studies, (5): 132–151. [6] Zhao B, Wang S, Li Z, 2026, What Are the Causes and Impacts of Technology Transfer Service Gaps?—Reflections on the Operational Models of Chinese Science and Technology Business Incubators. Shanghai Economy, (1): 82–98. [7] Li J, Tong Y, Song L, 2024, The Logic of Institutional Change in China’s Social Organization Management System from the Perspective of Policy Regimes. Study and Practice, (8): 97–107. [8] Wei X, Meng K, 2023, From “Economic Management” to “Meaning Management”: The Upgrading of Organizational Management Goals Based on Chinese‑Style Modernization. Leadership Science, (6): 58–62. [9] Su X, Huang T, 2022, The Mechanism of Deviant Behavior in Social Organizations and the Transformation of Its Governance Logic—A Behavioral Analysis Based on Principal‑Agent Theory. Journal of Shanghai Administration Institute, 23(2): 89–98. [10] Luo R, 2025, Research on Countermeasures for Empowering Social Organizations’ Capacity by Supportive Organizations, thesis, Guangxi University. [11] Hu Z, Li P, 2023, Selective Support and Cooperative Development: An Analysis of the Interaction Model between Local Governments and Social Organizations. Guangxi Social Sciences, (8): 125–132. [12] Ji Y, Guo Z, 2022, Multiple Objective Constraints and the High‑Quality Development Effect of Industrial Agglomeration—A Principal‑Agent Framework Based on Central‑Local Relations. Review of Industrial Economics (Shandong University), 21(1): 97–114. [13] Chen S, 2022, Research on the Development of Social Organizations Supported by Y Municipal Government Based on Resource Dependence Theory, thesis, Jiangsu University. [14] Yan Q, Chen C, 2026, New Quality Productive Forces Empowering Risk Prevention and Control in Digital Asset Transactions: Theoretical Logic and Institutional Optimization. Journal of Hubei University of Economics (Humanities and Social Sciences), 23(3): 62–68.