JCERJournal of Contemporary Educational Research2208-84662208-8474Bio-Byword Scientific Publishing Pty. Ltd.10.26689/jcer.v10i7.15724ArticleLiterature Review on the Impact of Symbol Sense on Algebra Learning in Middle School Studentshttps://artdesignp.com/journal/JCER/10/7/10.26689/jcer.v10i7.15724HaoLele20261072026-08-05This paper conducts a literature review to examine domestic and international research on symbolic literacy, defining a four-tiered structure of symbol awareness: perception, operation, reasoning, and representation. It analyzes the differentiated impact of each tier on algebra learning in junior and senior high schools, and constructs a tiered algebra teaching system that integrates secondary education. The study points out that existing research suffers from incomplete coverage of educational stages, a lack of assessment tools, and weak empirical evidence in teaching. It proposes future research directions such as longitudinal tracking, tiered teaching experiments, and digital integration, providing a reference for cultivating symbolic literacy in secondary schools.

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