JCERJournal of Contemporary Educational Research2208-84662208-8474Bio-Byword Scientific Publishing Pty. Ltd.10.26689/jcer.v8i10.8557ArticleComparative Study of Evaluation Indicators for Learning Cities and the Implicationshttps://artdesignp.com/journal/JCER/8/10/10.26689/jcer.v8i10.8557XuChi20248102024-10-22With the development of society, more and more cities are participating in the initiative to build learning cities. Constructing an evaluation indicator system for learning cities to monitor the progress and promote their growth has become increasingly important. This paper analyzes the preliminary framework of the UNESCO Global Learning City Index and R3L+ Quality Framework. The comparison is made from the aspects of design philosophy, criteria of indicator, and the cycle of evaluation process. The findings suggest that the construction of an evaluation indicator system should be focused more on the diversity of learning city development, the construction of an evaluation process cycle, and the significance of building cooperative networks.

Hutchins R, 1968, The Learning Society, The New America Library, Inc, New York, 45.

Faure E, 1972, Learning to Be: The World of Education Today and Tomorrow, UNESCO, Paris.

Feng J, 2018, A Review of the Social Education Carriers in Learning City Construction. Journal of Tianjin Radio and TV University, 22(02): 31–36.

Gao Z, Jia F, Jiang Y, 2013, The Parthenon: Learning City—Interpretation of the UNESCO Global Learning City Evaluation Index System. Educational Development Research, 33(11): 6–13.

Wang C, 2015, An Initial Exploration of the European Learning City Quality Analysis Framework. Contemporary Continuing Education, 33(02): 21–24.

Winter AK, 2018, Review of the European Reference Framework for Sustainable Cities. International Journal of Community Well-Being, 1(1): 83–86.

Zhang C, 2016, A Review of the European Learning City Quality Assurance Framework. Journal of Distance Education, 34(4): 85–92.

Xie H, 2017, A Comparative Study of Learning City Evaluation Tools. Open Learning Research, 22(03): 12–17.

Ding H, Zhang Y, 2021, Foreign Experiences and Lessons in Stakeholder Participation in Learning City Construction. Journal of Higher Continuing Education, 34(04): 29–34 + 67.

Eckert T, 2012, Quality in Developing Learning Cities and Regions: A Guide for Practitioners and Stakeholders, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, 8–59.

Xie H, Chen L, 2013, A Study on the Sustainable Development of Learning City Construction Assessment. Modern Distance Education, (03): 3–7.

Sotarauta M, 2004, Strategy Development in Learning Cities, From Classical Rhetoric Towards Dynamic Capabilities, University of Tampere, 8.

Ye Z, 2013, Issues to Consider When Constructing the Evaluation Index System for Learning Cities. Talent and Employment, (11): 28.

Preisinger-Kleine R, 2013, An Analytical Quality Framework for Learning Cities and Regions. International Review of Education, 59(4): 521–538.

Kearns P, 2015, Learning Cities on the Move. Australian Journal of Adult Learning, 55(1): 153–168.