<?xml version="1.1" encoding="utf-8"?>
<article xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3.xsd" dtd-version="1.1" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JCNR</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn>2208-3685</issn><eissn>2208-3693</eissn><publisher><publisher-name>Bio-Byword Scientific Publishing Pty. Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26689/jcnr.v10i5.15247</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title>Research Progress on Exercise Intervention in the Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome</title><url>https://artdesignp.com/journal/JCNR/10/5/10.26689/jcnr.v10i5.15247</url><author>LuoYuting,MaXiaohui,WuZhenfeng,SongYihang</author><pub-date pub-type="publication-year"><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>5</issue><history><date date-type="pub"><published-time>2026-05-31</published-time></date></history><abstract>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disease in women. Its pathogenesis is complex and varies among individuals. It is characterized by hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance and ovarian dysfunction, accompanied by psychological problems such as anxiety and depression, which have a profound impact on women’s health and are one of the causes of infertility. Exercise intervention can relieve the symptoms related to PCOS by improving insulin sensitivity, body composition and sex hormone levels. This paper aims to review the relevant exercise mechanisms to relieve PCOS and improve the effects of exercise on core symptoms in recent years, so as to provide new ideas for further Exploration.</abstract><keywords/></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="B1" content-type="article"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Chaudhari N, Dawalbhakta M, Nampoothiri L, 2018, GnRH Dysregulation in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Is a Manifestation of an Altered Neurotransmitter Profile. Reprod Biol Endocrinol, 16(1): 37.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B2" content-type="article"><label>2</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Zheng L, Xu X, Zhou JZ, et al., 2025, The Burden of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Related Infertility in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990–2021: An Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 16: 1559246.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B3" content-type="article"><label>3</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Stener-Victorin E, Padmanabhan V, Walters KA, et al., 2020, Animal Models to Understand the Etiology and Pathophysiology of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Endocr Rev, 41(4): bnaa010.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B4" content-type="article"><label>4</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Zhang H, Wang W, Zhao J, et al., 2023, Relationship Between Body Composition, Insulin Resistance, and Hormonal Profiles in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B5" content-type="article"><label>5</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Lionett S, Kiel IA, Rosbjorgen R, et al., 2021, Absent Exercise-Induced Improvements in Fat Oxidation in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome After High-Intensity Interval Training. Front Physiol, 12: 649794.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B6" content-type="article"><label>6</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Rotterdam EASPCWG, 2004, Revised 2003 Consensus on Diagnostic Criteria and Long-Term Health Risks Related to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod, 19(1): 41–47.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B7" content-type="article"><label>7</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Teede HJ, Tay CT, Laven JJE, et al., 2023, Recommendations From the 2023 International Evidence-Based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 108(10): 2447–2469.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B8" content-type="article"><label>8</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>King AK, McGill-Meeks K, Beller JP, et al., 2019, Go Girls!–Dance-Based Fitness to Increase Enjoyment of Exercise in Girls at Risk for PCOS. Children (Basel), 6(9): 99.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B9" content-type="article"><label>9</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Nybacka A, Carlstrom K, Stahle A, et al., 2011, Randomized Comparison of the Influence of Dietary Management and/or Physical Exercise on Ovarian Function and Metabolic Parameters in Overweight Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Fertil Steril, 96(6): 1508–1513.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B10" content-type="article"><label>10</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Mohammadi S, Monazzami A, Alavimilani S, 2023, Effects of Eight-Week High-Intensity Interval Training on Some Metabolic, Hormonal and Cardiovascular Indices in Women with PCOS: A Randomized Controlled Trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil, 15(1): 47.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B11" content-type="article"><label>11</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>DeFronzo RA, Tobin JD, Andres R, 1979, Glucose Clamp Technique: A Method for Quantifying Insulin Secretion and Resistance. Am J Physiol, 237(3): E214–223.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B12" content-type="article"><label>12</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Dunaif A, Xia J, Book CB, et al., 1995, Excessive Insulin Receptor Serine Phosphorylation in Cultured Fibroblasts and in Skeletal Muscle: A Potential Mechanism for Insulin Resistance in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Invest, 96(2): 801–810.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B13" content-type="article"><label>13</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Corbould A, Kim YB, Youngren JF, et al., 2005, Insulin Resistance in the Skeletal Muscle of Women With PCOS Involves Intrinsic and Acquired Defects in Insulin Signaling. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 288(5): E1047–1054.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B14" content-type="article"><label>14</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Stepto NK, Hiam D, Gibson-Helm M, et al., 2020, Exercise and Insulin Resistance in PCOS: Muscle Insulin Signalling and Fibrosis. Endocr Connect, 9(4): 346–359.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B15" content-type="article"><label>15</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Hansen SL, Svendsen PF, Jeppesen JF, et al., 2019, Molecular Mechanisms in Skeletal Muscle Underlying Insulin Resistance in Women Who Are Lean With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 104(5): 1841–1854.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B16" content-type="article"><label>16</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Gobato AO, Vasques AC, Zambon MP, et al., 2014, Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance in Obese Adolescents. Rev Paul Pediatr, 32(1): 55–62.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B17" content-type="article"><label>17</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>García-Hermoso A, López-Gil JF, Izquierdo M, et al., 2023, Exercise and Insulin Resistance Markers in Children and Adolescents With Excess Weight: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. JAMA Pediatrics, 177(12): 1276–1284.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B18" content-type="article"><label>18</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Hansen SL, Bojsen-Moller KN, Lundsgaard AM, et al., 2020, Mechanisms Underlying Absent Training-Induced Improvement in Insulin Action in Lean, Hyperandrogenic Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Diabetes, 69(11): 2267–2280.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B19" content-type="article"><label>19</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Azziz R, Carmina E, Dewailly D, et al., 2006, Position Statement: Criteria for Defining Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a Predominantly Hyperandrogenic Syndrome: An Androgen Excess Society Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 91(11): 4237–4245.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B20" content-type="article"><label>20</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Teede HJ, Misso ML, Costello MF, et al., 2018, Recommendations From the International Evidence-Based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Hum Reprod, 33(9): 1602–1618.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B21" content-type="article"><label>21</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Qu F, Wang FF, Lu XE, et al., 2010, Altered Aquaporin Expression in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Hyperandrogenism in Follicular Fluid Inhibits Aquaporin-9 in Granulosa Cells Through the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Pathway. Hum Reprod, 25(6): 1441–1450.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B22" content-type="article"><label>22</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Huang-Doran I, Kinzer AB, Jimenez-Linan M, et al., 2021, Ovarian Hyperandrogenism and Response to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analogues in Primary Severe Insulin Resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 106(8): 2367–2383.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B23" content-type="article"><label>23</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Lindheim L, Bashir M, Munkzker J, et al., 2017, Alterations in Gut Microbiome Composition and Barrier Function Are Associated with Reproductive and Metabolic Defects in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Pilot Study. PLoS One, 12(1): e0168390.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B24" content-type="article"><label>24</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Tosi F, Villani M, Migazzi M, et al., 2021, Insulin-Mediated Substrate Use in Women With Different Phenotypes of PCOS: The Role of Androgens. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 106(9): e3414–e3425.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B25" content-type="article"><label>25</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Rao M, Khan AA, Adnan QUA, 2022, Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training and Strength Training on Levels of Testosterone and Physical Activity Among Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Obstet Gynecol Sci, 65(4): 368–375.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B26" content-type="article"><label>26</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Almenning I, Rieber-Mohn A, Lundgren KM, et al., 2015, Effects of High Intensity Interval Training and Strength Training on Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Hormonal Outcomes in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Pilot Study. PLoS One, 10(9): e0138793.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B27" content-type="article"><label>27</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Philbois SV, Ribeiro VB, Tank J, et al., 2022, Cardiovascular Autonomic Modulation Differences Between Moderate-Intensity Continuous and High-Intensity Interval Aerobic Training in Women with PCOS: A Randomized Trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 13: 1024844.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B28" content-type="article"><label>28</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Vasyukova E, Zaikova E, Kalinina O, et al., 2023, Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Parameters in PCOS Patients Depending on Body Mass Index: A Case-Control Study. Biomedicines, 11(10): 2791.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B29" content-type="article"><label>29</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Walchli-Popovic M, Monnerat S, Taylor AE, et al., 2024, Effects of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonism in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome—The FertIL Trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 15: 1435698.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B30" content-type="article"><label>30</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Weng Y, Zhang Y, Wang D, et al., 2023, Exercise-Induced Irisin Improves Follicular Dysfunction by Inhibiting IRE1alpha-TXNIP/ROS-NLRP3 Pathway in PCOS. J Ovarian Res, 16(1): 151.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B31" content-type="article"><label>31</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Patten RK, McIlvenna LC, Levering I, et al., 2022, High-Intensity Training Elicits Greater Improvements in Cardio-Metabolic and Reproductive Outcomes Than Moderate-Intensity Training in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Hum Reprod, 37(5): 1018–1029.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B32" content-type="article"><label>32</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Nasiri M, Monazzami A, Alavimilani S, et al., 2022, The Effect of High Intensity Intermittent and Combined (Resistant and Endurance) Trainings on Some Anthropometric Indices and Aerobic Performance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Study. Int J Fertil Steril, 16(4): 268–274.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B33" content-type="article"><label>33</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Wu X, Wu H, Sun W, et al., 2021, Improvement of Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Oxidative Stress Through Regular Exercise in Chinese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Hormones (Athens), 20(2): 339–345.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B34" content-type="article"><label>34</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Ribeiro VB, Lopes IP, Dos Reis RM, et al., 2021, Continuous Versus Intermittent Aerobic Exercise in the Improvement of Quality of Life for Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Health Psychol, 26(9): 1307–1317.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B35" content-type="article"><label>35</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Kogure GS, Silva RC, Miranda-Furtado CL, et al., 2018, Hyperandrogenism Enhances Muscle Strength After Progressive Resistance Training, Independent of Body Composition, in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Strength Cond Res, 32(9): 2642–2651.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B36" content-type="article"><label>36</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Miranda Furtado CL, Hansen M, Kogure GS, et al., 2024, Resistance and Aerobic Training Increases Genome-Wide DNA Methylation in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Epigenetics, 19(1): 2305082.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
