<?xml version="1.1" encoding="utf-8"?>
<article xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3.xsd" dtd-version="1.1" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JCNR</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn>2208-3685</issn><eissn>2208-3693</eissn><publisher><publisher-name>Bio-Byword Scientific Publishing Pty. Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26689/jcnr.v7i6.5527</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title>Research Progress of miRNA in Diabetic Nephropathy</title><url>https://artdesignp.com/journal/JCNR/7/6/10.26689/jcnr.v7i6.5527</url><author>DuYan,CaiYu,TianChang,JiaYuanyuan,FengYu</author><pub-date pub-type="publication-year"><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>6</issue><history><date date-type="pub"><published-time>2023-11-27</published-time></date></history><abstract>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) accounts for approximately 20–40% of diabetic patients. It is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes and an important cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Renal biopsy histopathology is an important means for early clinical diagnosis of DN, but because it is an invasive examination, it is not easily accepted by patients due to risks such as bleeding, infection, and thrombosis. Therefore, finding new biomarkers for diagnosing DN is of great significance for early treatment and improving patient prognosis. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a type of highly conserved endogenous non-coding RNA. More and more studies have shown that miRNA is involved in the pathological process of DN and renal fibrosis. This article summarizes the relevant research on miRNA in DN.</abstract><keywords/></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="B1" content-type="article"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Diabetes Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, 2021, Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in China (2020 Edition). Chinese Journal of Diabetes, 13(04): 315–409.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B2" content-type="article"><label>2</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>?y?ka A, Dumnicka P, Ku?nierz-Cabala B, et al., 2018, Markers of Glomerular and Tubular Damage in the Early Stage of Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Mediators Inflamm., 2018: 7659243.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B3" content-type="article"><label>3</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Diabetes Work Group, 2020, KDIGO 2020 Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes Management in Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int, 98(4S): S1–S115.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B4" content-type="article"><label>4</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>The US Renal Data System (USRDS), viewed September 20, 2022, https://www.usrds.org/data-querytools/esrdincident-count/</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B5" content-type="article"><label>5</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Yang C, Wang H, Zhao X, et al., 2020, CKD in China: Evolving Spectrum and Public Health Implications. Am J Kidney Dis, 76(2): 258–264.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B6" content-type="article"><label>6</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Kim SS, Song SH, Kim IJ, et al., 2014, Nonalbuminuric Proteinuria as a Biomarker for Tubular Damage in Early Development of Nephropathy with Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Diabetes Metab Res Rev., 30(8): 736–741.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B7" content-type="article"><label>7</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Memczak S, Jens M, Elefsinioti A, et al., 2013, Circular RNAs are a Large Class of Animal RNAs with Regulatory Potency. Nature, 495(7441): 333–338.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B8" content-type="article"><label>8</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Carninci P, Kasukawa T, Katayama S, et al., 2005, The Transcriptional Landscape of the Mammalian Genome. Science, 309(5740): 1559–1563.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B9" content-type="article"><label>9</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Djebali S, Davis CA, Merkel A, et al., 2012, Landscape of Transcription in Human Cells. Nature, 489(7414): 101–108.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B10" content-type="article"><label>10</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Guttman M, Rinn JL, 2012, Modular Regulatory Principles of Large Non-Coding RNAs. Nature, 482(7385): 339–346.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B11" content-type="article"><label>11</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Chen LL, 2020, The Expanding Regulatory Mechanisms and Cellular Functions of Circular RNAs. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 21: 475–490.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B12" content-type="article"><label>12</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Kern F, Backes C, Hirsch P, et al., 2020, What’s the Target: Understanding Two Decades of in Silico MicroRNA-Target Prediction. Brief Bioin-form. 21(6): 1999–2010. https://www.doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbz111</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B13" content-type="article"><label>13</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Yang F, Cui Z, Deng H, et al., 2019, Identification of miRNAs-Genes Regulatory Network in Diabetic Nephropathy Based on Bioinformatics Analysis. Medicine (Baltimore), 98(27): el6225. https://www.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000016225</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B14" content-type="article"><label>14</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Peters L, Floege J, Biessen E, et al., 2020, MicroRNAs in Chronic Kidney Disease: Four Candidates for Clinical Application. Int J Mol Sci, 21(18): 6547. https://www.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186547</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B15" content-type="article"><label>15</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Zapa?a B, Kami?ska A, Piwowar M, et al., 2023, miRNA Signature of Urine Extracellular Vesicles Shows the Involvement of Inflammatory and Apoptotic Processes in Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease. Pharm Res, 40(4): 817–832. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-023-03481-5</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B16" content-type="article"><label>16</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Wang Y, Liu J, Wang H, et al., 2023, Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Diabetic Kidney Disease Through the NLRP3 Signaling Pathway. Stem Cells, 41(4): 368–383. https://www.doi.org/10.1093/stmcls/sxad010</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B17" content-type="article"><label>17</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Wang J, Tao Y, Zhao F, et al., 2023, Expression of Urinary Exosomal miRNA-615-3p and miRNA-3147 in Diabetic Kidney Disease and Their Association with Inflammation and Fibrosis. Ren Fail, 45(1): 2121929. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/0886022X.2022.2121929</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B18" content-type="article"><label>18</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Hao J, Liu X, Jie T, et al., 2022, The Effect of Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Autophagy via miR-34a/ATG4B Pathway in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev., 2022: 1668000. https://www.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1668000</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B19" content-type="article"><label>19</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Bai Y, Li H, Dong J, 2022, Up-Regulation of miR-20a Weakens Inflammation and Apoptosis in HighGlucoseInduced Renal Tubular Cell Mediating Diabetic Kidney Disease by Repressing CXCL8 Expression. Arch Physiol Biochem, 128(6): 1603–1610. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/13813455.2020.1785506</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B20" content-type="article"><label>20</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Matoba K, Takeda Y, Nagai Y, et al., 2019, Unraveling the Role of Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci., 20(14): 3393.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B21" content-type="article"><label>21</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Li J, Wang Y, Wu T, et al., 2022, Baicalein Suppresses High Glucose-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Trophoblasts by Targeting the miRNA-17-5p-Mfn1/2-NF-?B pathway. Placenta. 121: 126–136.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B22" content-type="article"><label>22</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Sun Y, Zhou Y, Shi Y, et al., 2021, Expression of miRNA-29 in Pancreatic ? Cells Promotes Inflammation and Diabetes via TRAF3. Cell Rep, 34(1): 108576.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B23" content-type="article"><label>23</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Houshmandfar S, Saeedi-Boroujeni A, Rashno M, et al., 2021, MiRNA-223 as a Regulator of Inflammation andNLRP3 Inflammasome, the Main Fragments in the Puzzle of Immunopathogenesis of Different Inflammatory Diseases and COVID-19. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol., 394(11): 2187–2195.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B24" content-type="article"><label>24</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Boehme KA, Rolauffs B, 2018, Onset and Progression of Human Osteoarthritis-Can Growth Factors, Inflammatory Cytokines, or Differential miRNA Expression Concomitantly Induce Proliferation, ECM Degradation, and Inflammation in Articular Cartilage?. Int J Mol Sci., 19(8): 2282.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B25" content-type="article"><label>25</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Si HB, Zeng Y, Liu SY, et al., 2017, Intra-articular Injection of microRNA-140 (miRNA-140) Alleviates Osteoarthritis (OA) Progression by Modulating Extracellular Matrix (ECM) Homeostasis in Rats. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 25(10): 1698–1707.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B26" content-type="article"><label>26</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Yan P, Sun C, Luan L, et al., 2022, Hsa_circ_0134111 Promotes Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via Sponging MiR-578. Cell Death Discov, 8(1): 55.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B27" content-type="article"><label>27</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Du Y, Feng Y, Cai Y, 2023, CircLARP1B Promotes Pyroptosis of High Glucose-Induced Renal Mesangial Cells by Regulating the MiR-578/TLR4 Axis. Int Urol Nephrol, 2023: 37341906. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s11255-023-03672-4</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B28" content-type="article"><label>28</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Yin D, Guo Z, Zhang X, 2023, Identification of Biomarkers and Prediction of Upstream miRNAs in Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 14: 1144331. https://www.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1144331</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B29" content-type="article"><label>29</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Li B, Sun G, Yu H, 2022, Circ_0114428 Promotes Proliferation, Fibrosis and EMT Process of High Glucose-Induced Glomerular Mesangial Cells Through Regulating the miR-185-5p/SMAD3 Axis. Autoimmunity, 55(7): 462–472. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/08916934.2022.2103797</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B30" content-type="article"><label>30</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Qin Y, Xu Y, Peng H, et al., 2022, Circ_0123996 Promotes the Proliferation, Inflammation, and Fibrosis of Mesangial Cells by Sponging miR-203a-3p to Upregulate SOX6 in Diabetic Nephropathy. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 36(11): e23139. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/jbt.23139</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B31" content-type="article"><label>31</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Schiffer M, Bitzer M, Roberts IS, et al., 2001, Apoptosis in Podocytes Induced by TGF-Beta and SMAD7. J Clin Invest, 108(6): 807–816. https://www.doi.org/10.1172/JCI12367</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B32" content-type="article"><label>32</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Derynck R, Zhang YE, 2003, SMAD-Dependent and SMAD-Independent Pathways in TGF-beta Family Signalling. Nature, 425(6958): 577–584. https://www.doi.org/10.1038/nature02006</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B33" content-type="article"><label>33</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Morishita Y, 2021, MicroRNAs for Podocyte Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy. Ann Transl Med., 9(10): 829. https://www.doi.org/10.21037/atm-21-1005</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
