JCNRJournal of Clinical and Nursing Research2208-36852208-3693Bio-Byword Scientific Publishing Pty. Ltd.10.26689/jcnr.v8i10.8701ArticleClinical Study on the Treatment of Senile Alzheimer’s Dementia with Sodium Oligomannate Combined with Memantine Hydrochloridehttps://artdesignp.com/journal/JCNR/8/10/10.26689/jcnr.v8i10.8701ZhaoJian,LiXi,JiaXuelian,GaoGanke20248102024-10-28Objective: To analyze the clinical effects of sodium oligomannate combined with memantine hydrochloride in the treatment of senile Alzheimer’s dementia. Methods: Sixty-eight cases of Alzheimer’s dementia treated at the Second People’s Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected as the study subjects. The patients were divided into two groups based on different treatment methods: the control group (treated with memantine hydrochloride, 34 cases) and the treatment group (treated with sodium oligomannate + memantine hydrochloride, 34 cases). Cognitive function, activities of daily living, neurotransmitters, serum intestinal flora metabolic markers, inflammatory factors, neurotrophic factors, and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results: The treatment group showed better cognitive function, quality of life scores, and levels of relevant metabolic markers in the body compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (treatment group: 2%; control group: 4%) was not statistically significant (χ² = 0.731, P = 0.393). Conclusion: Sodium oligomannate combined with memantine hydrochloride has better efficacy than the control group for treating senile Alzheimer’s dementia. It significantly improves and restores cognitive function and daily living abilities, benefits neurotransmitter secretion and internal regulation, upregulates the expression of neurotrophic factors, and has fewer adverse reactions, making it a treatment worthy of further clinical promotion and application.

GBD 2021 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators, 2024, Global Incidence, Prevalence, Years Lived with Disability (YLDs), Disability-Adjusted Life-Years (DALYs), and Healthy Life Expectancy (HALE) for 371 Diseases and Injuries in 204 Countries and Territories and 811 Subnational Locations, 1990–2021: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet, 403(10440): 2133–2161. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00757-8

Topal F, Ertas B, Guler E, et al., 2022, A Novel Multi-Target Strategy for Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment Via Sublingual Route: Donepezil/Memantine/Curcumin-Loaded Nanofibers. Biomater Adv, 138: 212870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212870

Knorz AL, Quante A, 2022, Alzheimer’s Disease: Efficacy of Mono- and Combination Therapy. A Systematic Review. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, 35(4): 475–486. https://doi.org/10.1177/08919887211044746

Morató X, Pytel V, Jofresa S, et al., 2022, Symptomatic and Disease-Modifying Therapy Pipeline for Alzheimer’s Disease: Towards a Personalized Polypharmacology Patient-Centered Approach. Int J Mol Sci, 23(16): 9305. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169305

Syed YY, 2020, Sodium Oligomannate: First Approval. Drugs, 80(4): 441–444. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-020-01268-1. Erratum in Drugs, 80(4): 445–446. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-020-01274-3

Zhang LF, Zhang YP, Lin PX, et al., 2022, Efficacy and Safety of Sodium Oligomannate in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. Pak J Pharm Sci, 35(3): 741–745.

Peng D, Zhang Z, 2015, Guidelines for the Operation of Neuropsychological Cognitive Scales. People’s Medical Publishing House, Beijing.

Chinese Society of Psychiatry, 2001, The Third Edition of the Chinese Classification and Diagnostic Criteria of Mental Disorders (CCMD-3). Chinese Journal of Psychiatry, 34(3): 184–188.

Zhang X, Sun J, Xiao W, et al., 2024, Analysis of the Application Effect of Five Cognitive Function Screening Scales in the Elderly. Nursing Research, 38(7): 1162–1167.

He M, Wang M, Gao J, et al., 2024, Reliability, Validity, and Clinical Application of the Chinese Version of the Cognitive Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients (C-CASP) in Non-Aphasic Stroke Patients. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, preprint, 1–7.

Dong Q, Guo Q, Luo B, et al., 2017, Expert Consensus on the Management of Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment. Chinese Journal of Stroke, 12(6): 519–531.

Scheltens P, De Strooper B, Kivipelto M, et al., 2021, Alzheimer’s Disease. Lancet, 397(10284): 1577–1590. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32205-4

Long JM, Holtzman DM, 2019, Alzheimer Disease: An Update on Pathobiology and Treatment Strategies. Cell, 179(2): 312–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.09.001

Cummings JL, Tong G, Ballard C, 2019, Treatment Combinations for Alzheimer’s Disease: Current and Future Pharmacotherapy Options. J Alzheimers Dis, 67(3): 779–794. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-180766

Yaghmaei E, Lu H, Ehwerhemuepha L, et al., 2024, Combined Use of Donepezil and Memantine Increases the Probability of Five-Year Survival of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients. Commun Med (Lond), 4(1): 99. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-024-00527-6

Kabir MT, Uddin MS, Mamun AA, et al., 2020, Combination Drug Therapy for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease. Int J Mol Sci, 21(9): 3272. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093272

Xiao S, Chan P, Wang T, et al., 2021, A 36-Week Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Phase 3 Clinical Trial of Sodium Oligomannate for Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer’s Dementia. Alzheimers Res Ther, 13(1): 62. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-021-00795-7

Jia L, Quan M, Fu Y, et al., 2020, Dementia in China: Epidemiology, Clinical Management, and Research Advances. Lancet Neurol, 19(1): 81–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30290-X

Gao J, Wang W, 2021, A Case of Sodium Oligomannate Improving Cognitive Function, Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms, and Daily Function in Post-Ovarian Cancer Surgery Alzheimer’s Disease Patients. Chinese Journal of New Drugs and Clinical Remedies, 40(11): 797–800.

Wang X, Sun G, Feng T, et al., 2019, Sodium Oligomannate Therapeutically Remodels Gut Microbiota and Suppresses Gut Bacterial Amino Acids-Shaped Neuroinflammation to Inhibit Alzheimer’s Disease Progression. Cell Res, 29(10): 787–803. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-019-0216-x

Gupta HV, Beach TG, Mehta SH, et al., 2021, Clinicopathological Correlation: Dopamine and Amyloid PET Imaging with Neuropathology in Three Subjects Clinically Diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease or Dementia with Lewy Bodies. J Alzheimers Dis, 80(4): 1603–1612. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-200323

Ettcheto M, Busquets O, Cano A, et al., 2021, Pharmacological Strategies to Improve Dendritic Spines in Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis, 82(S1): S91–S107. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-201106

Angelucci F, Cechova K, Amlerova J, et al., 2019, Antibiotics, Gut Microbiota, and Alzheimer’s Disease. J Neuroinflammation, 16(1): 108. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-019-1494-4