JCNRJournal of Clinical and Nursing Research2208-36852208-3693Bio-Byword Scientific Publishing Pty. Ltd.10.26689/jcnr.v8i4.6805ArticleFabrication of Free Standing Nanocellulose Film via Spray Coating and its Biomedical Application: A Reviewhttps://artdesignp.com/journal/JCNR/8/4/10.26689/jcnr.v8i4.6805ShanmugamKirubanandan2024842024-05-21Spraying nanocellulose onto films provides a quick and scalable way to create free-standing films with exceptional consistency and customizable thickness. This method increases the application of nanocellulose films in various industries and satisfies the requirements of large-scale production. In the field of biomedicine, spray-coated free-standing nanocellulose films hold great promise for applications such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound healing, device coatings, and biosensing. They are excellent nanomaterials for a variety of biomedical applications due to their special qualities, including biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, porous structure, large surface area, and adaptability. This paper reviewed the detailed exposure of the spray coating process of nanocellulose suspension onto free-standing films and its biomedical applications.

Magnusson J, 2016, Method for Spraying of Free-Standing 3D Structures with MFC: Creation and Development of A Method, thesis, Karlstad University, Sweden, 1–42.

Shanmugam K, et al., 2017, Rapid preparation of Smooth Nanocellulose Films Using Spray Coating. Cellulose, 24(7): 2669–2676.

Shanmugam K, 2021, Development of Cellulose Nanofibre (CNF) Coating on (1) Metal Surface for Free Standing CNF Film and (2) Paper Substrates for CNF Barrier Laminates. Online Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 1(1): 10–36.

Andrade RD, Skurtys O, Osorio FA, 2012, Atomizing Spray Systems for Application of Edible Coatings. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 11(3): 323–337.

Shanmugam K, et al., 2018, Flexible Spray Coating Process for Smooth Nanocellulose Film Production. Cellulose, 25(3): 1725–1741.

Wagner, n.d., WAGNER Project Pro 117 0418B Owner’s Manual.

Shanmugam K, 2019, Spray Coated Nanocellulose Films-Production, Characterization, and Applications, thesis, Monash University.

Shanmugam K, C Browne, 2021, Nanocellulose and its Composite Films: Applications, Properties, Fabrication Methods, and Their Limitations, in Nanoscale Processing, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 247–297.

Shanmugam K, et al., 2020, Engineering Surface Roughness of Nanocellulose Film Via Spraying to Produce Smooth Substrates. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 589: 124396.

Nair SS, et al., 2014, High-Performance Green Barriers Based on Nanocellulose. Sustainable Chemical Processes, 2(1): 23.

Shanmugam K, 2021, Preparation of Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF)–Montmorillonite (MMT) Nanocomposite via Spray Coating Process. Journal of Materials Science and Surface Engineering, 8(1): 978–986.

Alsaiari NS, Shanmugam K, Mothilal H, et al., 2022, Optimization of Spraying Process via Response Surface Method for Fabrication of Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) Film. Journal of Nanomaterials, 2022: 1–10.

Shanmugam K, 2021, Spray Coated Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) Film as an Eco-Friendly Substrate for Flexible and Printed Electronics. Online Journal of Engineering Sciences, 2021: 68–81.

Belbekhouche S, Bras J, Siqueira G, et al., 2011, Water Sorption Behaviour and Gas Barrier Properties of Cellulose Whiskers and Microfibrils Films. Carbohydrate Polymers, 83(4): 1740–1748.

Jadhav EB, Sankhla MS, Bhat RA, et al., 2021, Microplastics from food packaging: An overview of human consumption, health threats, and alternative solutions. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring, and Management, 16: 100608.

Ilyas RA, Sapuan SM, Ishak MR, et al, 2018, Water Barrier Properties of Biodegradable Films Reinforced with Nanocellulose for Food Packaging Application: A Review. 6th Postgraduate Seminar on Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites 2018, 55–59.

Shen M, Song B, Zeng G, et al., 2020, Are Biodegradable Plastics a Promising Solution to Solve Global Plastic Pollution? Environmental Pollution, 263: 114469.

Shanmugam K, Spray Coated Cellulose Nanofiber Laminates on the Paper to Enhance its Barrier and Mechanical Properties, Journal of Sustainability and Environmental Management, 1(1): 10–17.

Li F, Mascheroni E, Piergiovanni L, 2015, The Potential of Nanocellulose in The Packaging Field: A Review. Packaging Technology and Science, 28(6): 475–508.

Garusinghe UM, Varanasi S, Raghuwanshi VS, et al., 2018, Nanocellulose-Montmorillonite Composites of Low Water Vapor Permeability. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 540: 233–241.

Garusinghe U, 2017, Flexible Nanocellulose-Nanoparticle Composites: Structures and Properties, thesis, Monash University.

Maliha M, et al., 2020, Bismuth Phosphinate Incorporated Nanocellulose Sheets with Antimicrobial and Barrier Properties for Packaging Applications. Journal of Cleaner Production, 246: 119016.

Hussin FNNM, Wahab RA, Attan N, 2020, Nanocellulose and Nano Clay as Reinforcement Materials in Polymer Composites: A Review. Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 16(2): 145–153.

Beneventi D, Zeno e, Chaussy D, 2015, Rapid Nanopaper Production by Spray Deposition of Concentrated Microfibrillated Cellulose Slurries. Industrial Crops and Products, 72: 200–205.

Qureshi WA, Radjarejesri S, Shanmugam K, et al., 2022, Central Composite Design of Spraying Process to Laminate the Paper Substrates with Cellulose Nanofibers (CNF) as Green Packaging Wrap. Journal of Nanomaterials, e9481983.

Shanmugam K, 2022, Cellulose Nanofiber Lamination of the Paper Substrates via Spray Coating–Proof of Concept and Barrier Performance. Online Journal of Materials Science, 30–51.