JCNRJournal of Clinical and Nursing Research2208-36852208-3693Bio-Byword Scientific Publishing Pty. Ltd.10.26689/jcnr.v9i4.10400ArticleThe Association between Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity and Frailty among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Chinahttps://artdesignp.com/journal/JCNR/9/4/10.26689/jcnr.v9i4.10400YuQinrou,TaoYuexian,ZhouQi2025942025-04-29Objective: To explore the association between cardiometabolic multimorbidity and frailty among middle-aged and older adults in China. Methods: Data were derived from the 2013 wave of the China Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, including a total of 6,179 individuals aged 45 years and above with complete follow-up records. Basic demographic information was collected, and frailty status was assessed using a physical frailty scale. Generalized linear models were employed to analyze the association between the number and combinations of cardiometabolic conditions—such as hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and stroke—and frailty. Results: The prevalence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity among middle-aged and older adults was 14.23%. After adjusting for sociodemographic covariates, individuals with cardiometabolic multimorbidity had a significantly increased risk of frailty compared to those without such conditions (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.45–2.19), along with higher frailty scale scores (β = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.19–0.34). Compared to individuals without cardiometabolic diseases, those with both hypertension and stroke (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06–1.31) and those with hypertension, heart disease, and stroke (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.24–1.73) exhibited notably higher frailty risks. Conclusion: There is a significant association between cardiometabolic multimorbidity and frailty in middle-aged and older adults in China, particularly for comorbidity patterns involving hypertension. These findings provide evidence for developing targeted health interventions for aging populations.

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