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<article xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3.xsd" dtd-version="1.1" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">SSR</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Scientific and Social Research</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn>2661-4332</issn><eissn>2981-9946</eissn><publisher><publisher-name>Bio-Byword Scientific Publishing Pty. Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26689/ssr.v7i1.9237</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title>Impact of Ship Technology and Environmental Legislation on ISM Code</title><url>https://artdesignp.com/journal/SSR/7/1/10.26689/ssr.v7i1.9237</url><author>SunXiaopeng,HeLiang</author><pub-date pub-type="publication-year"><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>1</issue><history><date date-type="pub"><published-time>2025-01-23</published-time></date></history><abstract>This paper contains a detailed analysis of the International Safety Management Code (ISMC), a fundamental sea-based standard whose priority is safety through incorporating safety management systems (SMSs) that meet the requirements of shipping companies. Established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 1993, the ISM Code’s primary goal is to reduce maritime accidents by enforcing safety on board. This study includes the historical part of the ISM Code, the evaluation of its efficiency as well as the identification of the obstacles that stand in the way of its actual implementation. In addition to providing this information, this section also explains the rise of the ISM Code through considerations such as the effects of technology and the implementation of strict environmental legislation.</abstract><keywords/></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="B1" content-type="article"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Golapalli L, 2003, The ISM Code Implementation and its Effects on Maritime Claims, thesis, World Maritime University.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B2" content-type="article"><label>2</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Gill G, Wahner CM, 2012, The Herald of Free Enterprise Casualty and its Effect on Maritime Safety Philosophy. Marine Technology Society Journal, 46(6): 72–84. https://doi.org/10.4031/MTSJ.46.6.6</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B3" content-type="article"><label>3</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>International Maritime Organization (IMO), 1993, International Safety Management (ISM) Code.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B4" content-type="article"><label>4</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>International Maritime Organization (IMO), 1998, SOLAS: Safety of Life at Sea — Amendments to ISM Code.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B5" content-type="article"><label>5</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Karakasnaki M, Vlachopoulos P, Pantouvakis A, et al., 2018, ISM Code Implementation: An Investigation of Safety Issues in the Shipping Industry. World Maritime University Journal of Maritime Affairs, 17(2): 227–240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13437-018-0151-7</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B6" content-type="article"><label>6</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>The Global Enhancement of Maritime Security Programme, 2020, 2020 Annual Report. International Maritime Organization. https://wwwcdn.imo.org/localresources/en/OurWork/Security/Documents/IMO%20Annual%20Report%202020%20global%20marsec.pdf</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B7" content-type="article"><label>7</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Hasanspahic N, Vujicic S, Francic V, et al., 2021, The Role of the Human Factor in Marine Accidents. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 9(3): 261. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9030261</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref><ref id="B8" content-type="article"><label>8</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>Zhang Q, 2000, The Impact of ISM Code in the Maritime Field, thesis, World Maritime University.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
